Table › Companies › Eni SpA

Initials from the entity name. Click the row to open the full profile.Eni SpAExtracting, refining, or transporting oil, gas, and coal. ItalyOfficial site ↗
10.6 million
cars driven for a year
48.8 Mt CO₂e
Approximate — depends on local grid.Approximate — depends on local grid.Approximate — varies by species, climate and age of tree.
flat year-on-year

🔥 Eni SpA ranks #20 because it extracts and refines large quantities of oil, gas or coal.

How much of this entity's emissions could be tied to a named owner.How sure we are about the numbers — based on data coverage, recency and source agreement.Number of power plants or sites attributed to this entity in the Climate TRACE dataset.
⚔ CompareSee the proof
Climate Damage Score: 0–100. Bigger means more greenhouse gas this year. Built only from measured emissions and trend.
#20 of 1649

Eni SpA, based in Iraq, extracts, refines or transports oil, gas and coal. Climate TRACE attributes 18 high-emitting assets to it. Its largest tracked activities are oil & gas extraction, oil refining and oil & gas transport.

Produces fossil fuelsOil, gas and coal are extracted, processed and moved at scale.
Methane can leakProduction and transport can release methane — a very potent short-term greenhouse gas.
Burned downstreamWhen the fuels are used elsewhere, they release large amounts of CO₂.
See the proof

Power plants & sites behind it18 attributed assets · ownership split equally across listed owners

AssetSectorOwnershipAttributedConf.
Iraq_Widyan - North Arabian Gulf_Conventional onshoreFossil Fuels25%25 Mtvery low
Venezuela_Maturin_Heavy oilFossil Fuels20%9.6 Mtvery low
Abu Dhabi Oil Refining Company Al-Ruwais RefineryFossil Fuels33%2.6 Mtlow
Iraq_Widyan - North Arabian Gulf_Conventional onshoreFossil Fuels25%2.5 Mtvery low
ENI Sannazzaro de Burgondi Oil RefineryFossil Fuels100%1.4 Mtlow
Egypt_Nile Delta_Conventional onshoreFossil Fuels50%1.1 Mtvery low
Ferrera Erbognone Refinery power stationPower100%942.5 ktvery low
Sannazzaro Refinery power stationPower100%931.1 ktvery low
ENI Taranto Oil RefineryFossil Fuels100%867.8 ktlow
Egypt_Nile Delta_Conventional shelfFossil Fuels33%762.7 ktvery low
ENI/Kuwait Petroleum Milazzo Oil RefineryFossil Fuels33%654.5 ktlow
PCK Schwedt RefineryFossil Fuels25%556.4 ktmedium
Where this comes from
Climate TRACE — asset-level emissions & ownership · CC BY 4.0
Fossil Fuels · reference year 2024
Who profits

Hand-curated shareholder, revenue and investor context from primary public sources. This data is shown alongside — but is not used to compute — the Climate Damage Score.

About this data. Institutional investors like BlackRock, Vanguard and State Street typically hold shares on behalf of clients — appearing in shareholder records does not mean they control or direct the company. State entities and individuals with majority stakes are different and labelled accordingly.

HQ vs assets. Climate TRACE attributes emissions to assets by physical location, not corporate HQ. Eni SpA is registered in Italy but its major emitting assets are in Iraq.

Visit Eni S.p.A.
publicListed: ENI.MI / NYSE: EParent: Italian state (largest single shareh…HQ Italy

Revenue

$100BUSD · FY2023

Source: Wikipedia — Eni (€93.7 billion 2023)

Emissions intensity

0.49MtCO₂e / $1bn revenue

Below the curated-sample median (2.02 Mt/$bn) — fewer emissions per dollar of revenue than the typical large emitter we have data for.

Top shareholders & investors

  • Italian Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF, direct)4.3%state
  • Cassa Depositi e Prestiti (state-controlled bank)28.5%state
  • Public free float (combined)67%public

Source: primary public filings via Wikipedia. Stakes can change; see filings for the latest.

Italian state retains roughly a third combined via MEF and CDP. Climate TRACE attributes some emissions to Eni-operated assets in Iraq.

How it's allowed

Signals below are derived from emissions data and ownership coverage only — not from any legal or regulatory finding.

Permitted Emissions
These emissions appear to occur under existing permits and regulations. Operating legally is not the same as operating cleanly.
Ownership Data Gaps
Only 26% of this entity's attributed emissions trace to a clearly identified owner. Incomplete ownership data limits accountability.
Methane Exposure
Oil and gas operations can release methane, a greenhouse gas far more potent than CO₂ over the short term. Leakage is often under-measured.
Low Measurement Confidence
Measurement confidence for this entity is low; figures are best-available estimates.
No Verified Enforcement or Lobbying Record
This dataset contains no verified enforcement actions, lobbying records, subsidies, or litigation for this entity. Absence of evidence here is not evidence of compliance or of any violation.

Climate Villains makes no claim that any entity has broken any law. These are data-derived signals, not allegations.

Trend
Roughly flat▼ −0.6% falling
48.7 Mt51.1 Mt53.4 Mt20222024

Attributed emissions are roughly stable year on year. Attributed emissions, 2022–2024.

It ranks #20 mainly because its attributed assets emitted about 48.8 Mt CO₂e in 2024 (≈ 10.6M cars/yr).

The Climate Damage Score is driven by that absolute size on a log scale, with a -0.1-point flat adjustment.

Score breakdown

Absolute emissions
90 pts
Trend modifier
▼ −0.6% falling-0.1 pts
Data confidence
How sure we are about the measurement. A low score doesn't lower the polluter's rank — it just shows the data is fuzzier.

See the full methodology for how the score is built, or data & coverage for how complete the underlying numbers are.

What we know · what we don't

What we know

  • Attributed emissions: 48.8 Mt CO₂e in 2024 (≈ 10.6M cars/yr).
  • Primary sector: Fossil Fuels; primary country: Iraq.
  • Evidence: 18 assets; ~26% ownership-attribution coverage.
  • Source: Climate TRACE (CC BY 4.0).

What we don’t

  • Exact ownership percentages — Climate TRACE lists owners but not stakes, so shared assets are split equally.
  • Indirect (supply-chain / financed / product-use) emissions are not included.
  • Some of this sector's emissions could not be attributed to any named owner.
  • No PR claims, lobbying records, litigation history or policy-compliance data are included.
How sure we are about the measurement. A low score doesn't lower the polluter's rank — it just shows the data is fuzzier.How much of this entity's emissions could be tied to a named owner. Higher means a more complete picture.