Table › Companies › South32 Ltd

Initials from the entity name. Click the row to open the full profile.South32 LtdHeavy industry: steel, cement, chemicals, aluminium. Australia
2.2 million
cars driven for a year
9.9 Mt CO₂e
flat year-on-year

🔥 South32 Ltd ranks #283 because its heavy-industry plants (steel, cement, chemicals) release CO₂ in their core processes.

How much of this entity's emissions could be tied to a named owner.How sure we are about the numbers — based on data coverage, recency and source agreement.Number of power plants or sites attributed to this entity in the Climate TRACE dataset.
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Climate Damage Score: 0–100. Bigger means more greenhouse gas this year. Built only from measured emissions and trend.
#283 of 1649

South32 Ltd, based in Australia, runs heavy industry such as steel, cement, chemicals or aluminium. Climate TRACE attributes 3 high-emitting assets to it. Its largest tracked activities are aluminium smelting.

High-temperature heatIndustrial furnaces burn large amounts of fuel for process heat.
Process emissionsSome reactions (e.g. making cement clinker) release CO₂ directly, on top of fuel use.
Traps heatThe combined CO₂ adds to global warming.
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Power plants & sites behind it3 attributed assets · ownership split equally across listed owners

AssetSectorOwnershipAttributedConf.
Worsley Alumina RefineryManufacturing100%6.2 Mtvery low
Sao Luis Alumina Refinery and Aluminum SmelterManufacturing33%2.1 Mtvery low
Richards Bay, Hillside aluminium plantManufacturing100%1.6 Mtlow
Where this comes from
Climate TRACE — asset-level emissions & ownership · CC BY 4.0
Manufacturing · reference year 2024
How it's allowed

Signals below are derived from emissions data and ownership coverage only — not from any legal or regulatory finding.

Permitted Emissions
These emissions appear to occur under existing permits and regulations. Operating legally is not the same as operating cleanly.
Low Measurement Confidence
Measurement confidence for this entity is low; figures are best-available estimates.
No Verified Enforcement or Lobbying Record
This dataset contains no verified enforcement actions, lobbying records, subsidies, or litigation for this entity. Absence of evidence here is not evidence of compliance or of any violation.

Climate Villains makes no claim that any entity has broken any law. These are data-derived signals, not allegations.

Trend
Roughly flat– +0.1% flat
9.9 Mt10.3 Mt10.7 Mt20222024

Attributed emissions are roughly stable year on year. Attributed emissions, 2022–2024.

It ranks #283 mainly because its attributed assets emitted about 9.9 Mt CO₂e in 2024 (≈ 2.2M cars/yr).

The Climate Damage Score is driven by that absolute size on a log scale, with no trend adjustment applied.

Score breakdown

Absolute emissions
82 pts
Trend modifier
– +0.1% flat0 pts
Data confidence
How sure we are about the measurement. A low score doesn't lower the polluter's rank — it just shows the data is fuzzier.

See the full methodology for how the score is built, or data & coverage for how complete the underlying numbers are.

What we know · what we don't

What we know

  • Attributed emissions: 9.9 Mt CO₂e in 2024 (≈ 2.2M cars/yr).
  • Primary sector: Manufacturing; primary country: Australia.
  • Evidence: 3 assets; ~70% ownership-attribution coverage.
  • Source: Climate TRACE (CC BY 4.0).

What we don’t

  • Exact ownership percentages — Climate TRACE lists owners but not stakes, so shared assets are split equally.
  • Indirect (supply-chain / financed / product-use) emissions are not included.
  • Some of this sector's emissions could not be attributed to any named owner.
  • No PR claims, lobbying records, litigation history or policy-compliance data are included.
How sure we are about the measurement. A low score doesn't lower the polluter's rank — it just shows the data is fuzzier.How much of this entity's emissions could be tied to a named owner. Higher means a more complete picture.