Table › Sectors › Fossil Fuels
SECTOR PROFILE · 2024
Fossil Fuels
≈ 2 billion cars/yr9.4 Gt = gigatonne: one billion tonnes of CO₂-equivalent CO₂e/yr14.2% of global tracked
The worst emitters in fossil fuels: countries and companies, side-by-side.
- What is it?
- The upstream and midstream business of extracting, refining and transporting oil, gas and coal.
- Why does it emit?
- Methane vents and leaks from wells and pipelines, plus CO₂ from flaring and processing.
- What’s it equivalent to?
- That’s about 2 billion cars driven for a year.
About this sector
The league tables below rank both the countries where this sector is largest and the companies whose biggest attributed sector is fossil fuels. Totals come from Climate TRACE’s open dataset and refresh whenever the pipeline runs.
9.4 Gt = gigatonne: one billion tonnes of CO₂-equivalentAnnual total49Countries ranked50Companies ranked
Top countries in this sector
1China= 506M cars/yr2.3 Gt CO₂eNEW2USA= 276M cars/yr1.3 Gt CO₂eNEW3Russia= 194M cars/yr893 Mt CO₂eNEW4Iran= 84.8M cars/yr390 Mt CO₂eNEW5Indonesia= 78.8M cars/yr362 Mt CO₂eNEW6Canada= 68.7M cars/yr316 Mt CO₂eNEW7Saudi Arabia= 65.6M cars/yr302 Mt CO₂eNEW8Iraq= 55.6M cars/yr256 Mt CO₂eNEW9India= 54.3M cars/yr250 Mt CO₂eNEW10Australia= 43.7M cars/yr201 Mt CO₂eNEW
Show all countries (49)
11Qatar= 32M cars/yr147 Mt CO₂eNEW12UAE= 30.4M cars/yr140 Mt CO₂eNEW13Algeria= 29.6M cars/yr136 Mt CO₂eNEW14Venezuela= 27.9M cars/yr128 Mt CO₂eNEW15Turkmenistan= 26.8M cars/yr123 Mt CO₂eNEW16Nigeria= 25.9M cars/yr119 Mt CO₂eNEW17South Africa= 24.7M cars/yr114 Mt CO₂eNEW18Mexico= 22.2M cars/yr102 Mt CO₂eNEW19Kazakhstan= 21.9M cars/yr101 Mt CO₂eNEW20Malaysia= 21.2M cars/yr97.5 Mt CO₂eNEW21Brazil= 19.9M cars/yr91.6 Mt CO₂eNEW22Oman= 18.1M cars/yr83.3 Mt CO₂eNEW23Kuwait= 17.2M cars/yr79.1 Mt CO₂eNEW24Libya= 14.7M cars/yr67.8 Mt CO₂eNEW25Argentina= 14.2M cars/yr65.4 Mt CO₂eNEW26Ukraine= 13.1M cars/yr60 Mt CO₂eNEW27Colombia= 12.5M cars/yr57.3 Mt CO₂eNEW28South Korea= 11.5M cars/yr52.9 Mt CO₂eNEW29Egypt= 11.2M cars/yr51.4 Mt CO₂eNEW30Mongolia= 10.1M cars/yr46.2 Mt CO₂eNEW31Japan= 10M cars/yr45.8 Mt CO₂eNEW32Thailand= 9.8M cars/yr44.9 Mt CO₂eNEW33Germany= 9.2M cars/yr42.2 Mt CO₂eNEW34Viet Nam= 8M cars/yr36.9 Mt CO₂eNEW35Poland= 8M cars/yr36.9 Mt CO₂eNEW36Uzbekistan= 7.7M cars/yr35.4 Mt CO₂eNEW37UK= 7M cars/yr32.1 Mt CO₂eNEW38Pakistan= 6.9M cars/yr31.8 Mt CO₂eNEW39Turkey= 5.5M cars/yr25.1 Mt CO₂eNEW40Taiwan= 4.6M cars/yr20.9 Mt CO₂eNEW41Spain= 4.4M cars/yr20.2 Mt CO₂eNEW42France= 4.4M cars/yr20 Mt CO₂eNEW43Italy= 4.2M cars/yr19.1 Mt CO₂eNEW44Netherlands= 3.5M cars/yr15.9 Mt CO₂eNEW45Bangladesh= 2.4M cars/yr11.1 Mt CO₂eNEW46Philippines= 2M cars/yr9.1 Mt CO₂eNEW47Tanzania= 453k cars/yr2.1 Mt CO₂eNEW48Sudan= 373k cars/yr1.7 Mt CO₂eNEW49Ethiopia= 66.6k cars/yr306.2 kt CO₂eNEW
Top companies in this sector
4National Iranian Oil Co= 25.2M cars/yr116 Mt CO₂eNEW6Saudi Arabian Oil Co= 26M cars/yr119 Mt CO₂eNEW10Kuwait Oil Company Ltd= 19.2M cars/yr88.1 Mt CO₂eNEW20Eni SpA= 10.6M cars/yr48.8 Mt CO₂eNEW21PetroChina Co Ltd= 10.6M cars/yr48.5 Mt CO₂eNEW22Repsol SA= 10.7M cars/yr49.2 Mt CO₂eNEW25Petróleos de Venezuela SA= 8.8M cars/yr40.3 Mt CO₂eNEW29China National Petroleum Corp= 10.2M cars/yr47.1 Mt CO₂eNEW44Occidental Petroleum Corp= 7.3M cars/yr33.5 Mt CO₂eNEW45Petróleos Mexicanos EPE= 5.3M cars/yr24.6 Mt CO₂eNEW
Show all companies (50)
47Sonatrach SpA= 7.6M cars/yr34.8 Mt CO₂eNEW54CNOOC Ltd= 7.3M cars/yr33.4 Mt CO₂eNEW59Abu Dhabi National Oil Co= 6.1M cars/yr28.1 Mt CO₂eNEW61BP PLC= 6M cars/yr27.7 Mt CO₂eNEW63Basra Energy Co= 6M cars/yr27.5 Mt CO₂eNEW64PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Branch Co= 5.5M cars/yr25.3 Mt CO₂eNEW72Cosmo Abu Dhabi Energy Exploration & Production= 5.6M cars/yr25.8 Mt CO₂eNEW73PT Pertamina (Persero) PT= 6.2M cars/yr28.5 Mt CO₂eNEW81LUKOIL PJSC= 6.9M cars/yr31.9 Mt CO₂eNEW90Kuwait Integrated Petroleum Industries Co= 1.8M cars/yr8.3 Mt CO₂eNEW94Ecopetrol SA= 4.4M cars/yr20.2 Mt CO₂eNEW96YPF SA= 3.6M cars/yr16.7 Mt CO₂eNEW101Turkmengas State Concern= 4.3M cars/yr20 Mt CO₂eNEW106Galkynyshnebit= 4.3M cars/yr19.8 Mt CO₂eNEW124Reliance Industries Ltd= 4.1M cars/yr18.9 Mt CO₂eNEW127Petroleum Development Oman LLC= 3.8M cars/yr17.7 Mt CO₂eNEW132Saudi Arabian Chevron= 4.1M cars/yr19 Mt CO₂eNEW133Kuwait Gulf Oil Company KSC= 4.1M cars/yr19 Mt CO₂eNEW145Pakistan Petroleum Ltd= 4.1M cars/yr18.6 Mt CO₂eNEW148Dubai Petroleum Establishment= 3.4M cars/yr15.6 Mt CO₂eNEW151Bogatyr Komir LLP= 3.5M cars/yr16.1 Mt CO₂eNEW153Exxon Mobil Corp= 3.3M cars/yr15.3 Mt CO₂eNEW160TotalEnergies SE= 3.5M cars/yr16 Mt CO₂eNEW167Oman Oil Company Exploration and Production= 3.2M cars/yr14.8 Mt CO₂eNEW186GeoPark Colombia SAS= 3M cars/yr13.6 Mt CO₂eNEW201Dubri Oil= 2M cars/yr9.4 Mt CO₂eNEW202Midwestern Oil & Gas Co Ltd= 2M cars/yr9.4 Mt CO₂eNEW203NNPC Ltd= 2M cars/yr9.4 Mt CO₂eNEW204ND Western Ltd= 2M cars/yr9.4 Mt CO₂eNEW205Neconde Energy Ltd= 2M cars/yr9.4 Mt CO₂eNEW206National Oil Corp= 2.9M cars/yr13.4 Mt CO₂eNEW210Petrolera Cárdenas Mora SAPI de CV= 2M cars/yr9.2 Mt CO₂eNEW211Perenco SA= 2M cars/yr9.2 Mt CO₂eNEW215Harouge Oil Operations Co= 2.8M cars/yr12.8 Mt CO₂eNEW216Waha Oil Co= 2.8M cars/yr12.8 Mt CO₂eNEW232National Iranian Oil Refining And Distribution Co= 2.4M cars/yr11.3 Mt CO₂eNEW243PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Co= 2.9M cars/yr13.5 Mt CO₂eNEW246Shell PLC= 2.4M cars/yr11 Mt CO₂eNEW255ONGC Videsh Ltd= 2.2M cars/yr9.9 Mt CO₂eNEW256Corporacion Venezolana de Guayana= 2.2M cars/yr9.9 Mt CO₂eNEW
Where this comes from
Climate TRACE · CC BY 4.0